A wellhead is the component at the surface of an oil or gas well that provides the structural and pressure-containing interface for the drilling and production equipment. 

The primary purpose of a wellhead is to provide the suspension point and pressure seals for the casing strings that run from the bottom of the hole sections to the surface pressure control equipment. 

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Wellheads are typically welded onto the first string of casing, which has been cemented in place during drilling operations, to form an integral structure of the well. In exploration wells that are later abandoned, the wellhead may be recovered for refurbishment and re-use.

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• Wellhead & accessories

  • Casing head​

  • Tubing head

  • Tubing hanger 

  • Spool

  • Adapter 

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​An oil well "production tree," or Christmas tree, is a complex assembly of valves, spools, and gauges mounted on a wellhead to control and regulate the flow of oil and gas, ensuring safety, managing pressure, and allowing for maintenance or interventions like chemical injection or wireline operations.​​

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• Gate valve (type M)​

• X-tree  ​

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An oil well mud valve is a robust valve, often a gate valve, used in drilling to control the flow of abrasive drilling mud, ensuring pressure control, bit lubrication, and cutting transport; they are vital for safety and efficiency in high-pressure, demanding environments, found on mud tanks, pumps, and high-pressure lines. These specialized valves handle viscous fluids and are built from durable materials, coming in types like full-open or webbed designs to match specific flow and pressure needs. 

Key Functions & Locations:

• Flow Control: Start, stop, or regulate mud flow in the closed-loop circulation system.

• Pressure Management: Maintain hydrostatic pressure to prevent blowouts.

• Circulation: Direct mud through pumps, standpipes, and return lines.

• Locations: Installed on mud tanks, pits, mud pump discharge lines, and surface manifolds. 

Types & Features:

• Gate Valves: Common type, known for rigid construction for isolating flow.

• Full Open Valves: Allow maximum flow with minimal obstruction.

• Webbed Valves (3-Web, 4-Web): Offer enhanced strength for high-pressure needs.

• Materials: Made from high-grade, wear-resistant materials for longevity.

• Operation: Often manually operated for simple control. 

• Mud valves 

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​An oil well frac valve is a heavy-duty, high-pressure isolation valve, usually a specialized gate valve, fitted atop a wellhead during hydraulic fracturing (fracking) to control and isolate abrasive fracturing fluids, featuring robust metal-to-metal seals and corrosion-resistant materials for severe conditions, allowing for safe, efficient redirection of fluids and part of the larger frac tree system

• Frac valves (FC, FL, FLS-R)

• Face tree (goat head)  

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