Methanol
Methanol (also called methyl alcohol and wood spirit, amongst other names) is an organic chemical and the simplest aliphatic alcohol, with the formula CH3OH (a methyl group linked to a hydroxyl group, often abbreviated as MeOH). It is a light, volatile, colorless and flammable liquid with a distinctive alcoholic odour similar to that of ethanol (potable alcohol).[17] Methanol acquired the name wood alcohol because it was once produced chiefly by the destructive distillation of wood. Today, methanol is mainly produced industrially by hydrogenation of carbon monoxide.[18]
Methanol consists of a methyl group linked to a polar hydroxyl group. With more than 20 million tons produced annually, it is used as a precursor to other commodity chemicals, including formaldehyde, acetic acid, methyl tert-butyl ether, methyl benzoate, anisole, peroxyacids, as well as a host of more specialised chemicals.
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中国市场需求
据统计，我国2022年全年甲醇产量超8100万吨，产能利用率超八成。近5年，我国甲醇进口量年复合增长率达到5.07%。且受运力紧张、台风天气、疫情等因素影响，故2022年甲醇进口增量有限，2022年我国甲醇进口量为1219.3万吨，比上年增加仅在100万吨左右。进口金额为41.65亿美元，同比增长7.77%。
从我国甲醇进口来源地来看，2022年我国从阿曼进口甲醇数量超过阿联酋，位居第一，2022年从阿曼进口甲醇379.62万吨，其次是伊朗、沙特阿拉伯与阿联酋，进口量分别为211.98万吨、173.44万吨与154.51万吨。
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用途
甲醇又称羟基甲烷，是一种有机化合物，是结构最为简单的饱和一元醇，为无色、略带醇香气味的挥发性液体，能溶于水，在汽油中有较大的溶解度，有毒、易燃，其蒸汽与空气能形成爆炸混合物，属于危险化学品。甲醇是由合成气生产的重要化学品之一，既是重要的化工原料，也是一种燃料。